Hygrophorus penarius

A species associated with beech or holm oak forests, preferring calcareous soils.

Pileipellis with a superficial layer of filamentous hyphae, 3-5 µm wide, widely separated by gelification; beneath these lie more compacted hyphae with faint brownish intracellular pigment, interwoven with some branching, up to 7 µm wide, septate with clamped septa.

Cystidia and other sterile hymenial elements absent.

Lamellar trama bilateral.

Basidia cylindric-clavate, 40-55 µm long and 5-7 µm wide, with basal clamps, 4-spored.

Spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, thin-walled, with an inconspicuous eccentric apiculus at one end, one or more oil or lipid droplets inside, inamyloid in Melzer's reagent.